Connaught Law Limited
  • Real Estate
    Real Estate Law
    Property Matters
    Eviction Support
    Extend Your Lease
    Calculate Extension
    Lender Services
    Gap Financing
    HNWI Property
    SDLT Calculator
    Tenant Purchase
  • Litigation
    Litigation Services
    Business Disputes
    Contract Claims
    Challenge Decisions
    Injury Claims
    Medical Claims
    Road Incidents
    Workplace Illness
  • Immigration
    Immigration Services
    Family Reunification
    Corporate Mobility
    Visit Britain
    Study in UK
    Permanent Status
    EU Citizens
    Rights Protection
    Appeal Refusals
    Review Decisions
    Overturn Refusals
    Court Challenges
    Prevent Removal
    Save Sponsorship
  • Family Law
    Family Law Services
    Relationship End
    Child Arrangements
    Safety Protection
    Partnership End
    High-Value Divorce
  • Employment Law
    Employment Law Services
    Wrongful Termination
    Workplace Equality
    Forced Resignation
    Exit Packages
    Compensation Claims
    Workplace Dignity
  • Tax Law
    Tax Law Services
    Strategic Planning
    Personal Taxation
    Business Tax
  • Others
    Banking Claims
    Policy Claims
    Criminal Defence
    Citizenship Routes
  • Team
    Our Team
    Careers
  • Blog
    Property Law Insights
    Immigration Guidance
    Dispute Resolution Briefings
    Family Legal Advice
    Taxation Strategy Insights
    Financial Claims Guidance
    Property Relationship Advice
    Defence Rights Resources
    Post-EU Legal Analysis
    All Legal Updates

Immigration

Home » Immigration

Immigration

Immigration

Comprehensive UK Immigration Law Services

Our expert immigration solicitors provide full-service UK visa and citizenship solutions for individuals and families worldwide. From spouse visas to settlement applications, we navigate complex immigration rules to secure your right to live, work, and remain in the UK. Contact us today: 0203 909 8399 | Book a Consultation

What Is UK Immigration Law?

UK immigration law governs who can enter, remain, and settle in the United Kingdom. Our comprehensive immigration practice covers all routes from visitor visas to British citizenship, ensuring clients understand their options and successfully navigate the Home Office requirements. We handle both straightforward applications and complex cases involving human rights, appeals, and judicial reviews.

When Do You Need Immigration Support?

You need our immigration expertise when:

  • Bringing family members to the UK
  • Extending or switching your visa
  • Applying for settlement (ILR)
  • Seeking British citizenship
  • Facing visa refusal or deportation
  • Claiming asylum or human rights protection

Our Immigration Services

Family Immigration

  • Spouse and partner visas
  • Fiancé(e) visa applications
  • Children and dependent visas
  • Adult dependent relatives
  • Family visit visas
  • EEA family permits

Settlement and Citizenship

  • Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)
  • British citizenship applications
  • Naturalisation requirements
  • Registration for children
  • Right of Abode certificates
  • Long residence applications

Visitor and Temporary Visas

  • Standard visitor visas
  • Business visitor applications
  • Marriage visitor visas
  • Medical treatment visas
  • Permitted paid engagement
  • Transit visas

Complex Immigration Matters

Human Rights Applications

  • Article 8 family life claims
  • Private life applications
  • Long residence claims
  • Medical grounds cases
  • Statelessness applications

Challenging Decisions

  • Administrative reviews
  • Immigration appeals
  • Judicial review proceedings
  • Fresh claims preparation
  • Unlawful detention cases

Specialist Immigration Routes

Ancestry and Heritage

  • UK Ancestry visa
  • British National (Overseas)
  • Commonwealth citizens
  • Historical connection claims
  • Returning residents

Student and Graduate Visas

  • Student visa applications
  • Graduate route visa
  • Student dependents
  • Switching from student status
  • High Potential Individual visa

European Immigration

EU Settlement Scheme

  • Settled status applications
  • Pre-settled status
  • Late applications
  • Family member applications
  • Frontier workers

EEA Regulations

  • Retained rights of residence
  • Permanent residence
  • Surinder Singh route
  • Extended family members
  • Zambrano carers

Immigration Compliance

Status Management

  • Visa extensions
  • Switching applications
  • Biometric appointments
  • Travel considerations
  • Police registration

Document Requirements

  • English language tests
  • Financial requirements
  • Accommodation evidence
  • Relationship proof
  • Maintenance funds

Why Choose Connaught Law

  • OISC regulated immigration advisors
  • Multilingual support services
  • Emergency assistance available
  • Fixed fee options
  • High success rates

Our Immigration Expertise

  • 20+ years combined experience
  • Complex case specialists
  • Home Office liaison
  • Appeals and judicial review
  • Urgent application handling

Client Support Services

  • Document preparation assistance
  • Translation services
  • Premium service applications
  • Post-decision support
  • Settlement planning

Next Steps

Navigate UK immigration law with confidence. Our expert team provides personalized strategies for your immigration journey, from initial visa applications to British citizenship. We ensure compliant, successful outcomes for individuals and families. Call 0203 909 8399 or Book Online for comprehensive immigration advice.

UK IMMIGRATION CATEGORIES

Family Immigration
Bring your loved ones to the UK with expert family visa assistance. From spouse visas to adult dependent applications, we guide families through complex immigration requirements for successful reunification.

Family Immigration

Family immigration routes allow British citizens and settled persons to bring their family members to the UK. These visas have specific requirements for relationships, finances, and accommodation that must be carefully navigated to ensure successful applications.

Spouse and Partner Visas

For married and unmarried couples:
  • Spouse Visa: For married partners of British citizens/settled persons
  • Civil Partner Visa: For those in civil partnerships
  • Unmarried Partner Visa: For couples living together for 2+ years
  • Financial Requirement: £18,600 minimum income (higher with children)
  • English Language: A1 level initially, A2 for extension
  • Relationship Evidence: Cohabitation, communication, joint finances

Fiancé(e) Visa

Pre-marriage immigration route:
  • 6-month visa to marry in the UK
  • Must marry within the 6 months
  • Cannot work during fiancé(e) period
  • Switch to spouse visa after marriage
  • Same financial requirements apply
  • Genuine relationship evidence required

Child and Dependent Visas

For children and young people:
  • Child of British Citizen: Under 18, dependent children
  • Child Student Visa: Ages 4-17 for UK education
  • Parents of Tier 4 Child: For parents of young students
  • Sole Responsibility: Single parent applications
  • Adoption Cases: International adoption procedures
  • Access Rights: For non-custodial parents

Adult Dependent Relative Visa

Extremely challenging route for:
  • Elderly parents requiring care
  • Must prove inadequate care abroad
  • Financial dependency requirements
  • High refusal rates
  • Exceptional circumstances needed
  • Alternative care options explored

Financial Requirements

Meeting the minimum income threshold:
  • £18,600 for spouse/partner alone
  • £22,400 for one child
  • £2,400 for each additional child
  • Six months’ bank statements
  • P60s and payslips required
  • Savings route: £62,500 held for 6 months

Alternative Financial Sources

Other acceptable income includes:
  • Self-employment income
  • Property rental income
  • Dividends from shares
  • Pension income
  • Maternity/sick pay
  • Overseas employment

Accommodation Requirements

Adequate housing must show:
  • Not overcrowded conditions
  • Exclusive bedroom access
  • Local authority standards met
  • Tenancy agreements/ownership proof
  • Property inspection reports
  • Landlord permission if renting

English Language Requirements

Proof of English ability through:
  • Approved test providers
  • CEFR Level A1 speaking/listening
  • Degree taught in English
  • Majority English-speaking nationals
  • Exemptions for over 65s
  • Physical/mental condition waivers

Processing Times and Fees

Current service standards:
  • Standard: 12 weeks decision
  • Priority: 6 weeks (£573 extra)
  • Super Priority: 24 hours (£1,000+)
  • Visa fees: £1,538-£3,250
  • IHS surcharge: £624 per year
  • Additional dependents extra

Common Refusal Reasons

Applications fail due to:
  • Insufficient financial evidence
  • Relationship not genuine
  • English test failures
  • Criminal history issues
  • Previous immigration breaches
  • Inadequate accommodation
Settlement & Citizenship
Secure your permanent future in the UK through settlement and citizenship routes. From indefinite leave to remain to British naturalisation, we guide you through every step toward permanent residence and full citizenship rights.

Settlement & Citizenship

Settlement (Indefinite Leave to Remain) and British citizenship represent the final stages of the UK immigration journey. These applications require meeting strict residence requirements, passing tests, and demonstrating integration into UK society.

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)

Permanent residence requirements:

  • Qualifying Period: Usually 5 years continuous residence
  • Absence Limits: Maximum 180 days per year
  • Immigration Status: Must be on a route leading to settlement
  • Life in the UK Test: Pass required for most applicants
  • English Language: B1 level minimum
  • Good Character: No serious criminal convictions

Routes to Settlement

Common pathways include:

  • Spouse/Partner visa: 5 years
  • Work visas: 5 years
  • UK Ancestry: 5 years
  • Long Residence: 10 years lawful
  • Private Life: 20 years unlawful
  • Investor visas: 2-5 years

British Citizenship by Naturalisation

Requirements for adults:

  • Residence Period: 5 years plus 12 months ILR (6 years total)
  • Absences: Maximum 450 days in 5 years, 90 in final year
  • Good Character: Clean criminal record
  • Language: English B1 level
  • Life in UK Test: Required for all applicants
  • Intention: To remain in UK

Citizenship for Spouses

Reduced requirements:

  • 3 years residence total
  • ILR not time-limited
  • 270 days absence maximum
  • 90 days in final year
  • Married to British citizen throughout
  • Life in UK test required

British Citizenship for Children

Various routes available:

  • Birth in UK: Automatic if parent is British/settled
  • Registration: Discretionary for under 18s
  • MN1 Form: Child born in UK, parent later settled
  • Adoption: Automatic for UK adoptions
  • Descent: If born abroad to British parent
  • Entitlement: Specific statutory provisions

Life in the UK Test

Test requirements include:

  • British history and culture
  • Government and law
  • 24 multiple choice questions
  • 45 minutes duration
  • 75% pass mark (18/24)
  • £50 fee per attempt

Language Requirements

Proving English ability:

  • Approved test providers
  • B1 for ILR, citizenship
  • Speaking and listening tested
  • Degree taught in English
  • Majority English-speaking nationals
  • Age exemptions (65+)

Right of Abode

Automatic right to live in UK:

  • British citizens automatically
  • Some Commonwealth citizens
  • Women married pre-1983
  • Certificate of Entitlement available
  • No immigration control
  • Can live and work freely

Good Character Assessment

Factors considered include:

  • Criminal convictions
  • Immigration violations
  • Tax compliance
  • Bankruptcy history
  • Deception in applications
  • Notoriety concerns

Settlement Based on Long Residence

Alternative routes include:

  • 10 Years Lawful: Continuous legal residence
  • 20 Years Unlawful: Private life established
  • Half Life Rule: For ages 18-25
  • 7 Years Child: Unreasonable to leave UK
  • Discretionary Leave: Accumulating to ILR

Application Process

Key steps include:

  • Online application submission
  • Biometric appointment
  • Super Priority available
  • Document submission
  • Decision within 6 months
  • Citizenship ceremony (for naturalisation)
Visitor & Short-Term Visas
Secure temporary entry to the UK for tourism, business, medical treatment, or special occasions. Our immigration experts ensure your visitor visa applications meet all Home Office requirements for successful short-term stays.

Visitor & Short-Term Visas

Visitor visas allow temporary entry to the UK for specific purposes including tourism, business meetings, medical treatment, and family visits. These applications require careful preparation to demonstrate genuine visitor intent and satisfy immigration officers of your plans to leave the UK.

Standard Visitor Visa

For tourism and family visits:

  • Visit Duration: Up to 6 months per visit
  • Multiple Entry: Available for 2, 5, or 10 years
  • Purpose: Tourism, family visits, short courses
  • Financial Evidence: Bank statements, salary slips
  • Accommodation: Hotel bookings or invitation letters
  • Return Intent: Employment letters, property ownership

Business Visitor Visa

For business-related activities:

  • Attend meetings and conferences
  • Negotiate and sign contracts
  • Attend trade fairs and exhibitions
  • Deliver training or share knowledge
  • Cannot take employment
  • No payment from UK sources

Marriage Visitor Visa

For those marrying in the UK:

  • Duration: 6 months to marry/civil partnership
  • Notice Period: 28 days at designated registry
  • Venue Evidence: Booking confirmations required
  • Relationship Proof: History and genuine intent
  • Exit Required: Must leave after ceremony
  • No Switching: Cannot change to spouse visa

Medical Treatment Visa

For private medical care:

  • Hospital acceptance letter required
  • Treatment cost estimates
  • Payment evidence or funding
  • Doctor’s referral letter
  • Accommodation during treatment
  • Accompanying person provisions

Permitted Paid Engagement

Short-term paid work:

  • Maximum Duration: One month
  • Specific Purpose: Expert speaker, artist, sportsperson
  • UK Organization: Formal invitation required
  • Payment Allowed: From UK host only
  • Evidence: Previous engagements, expertise proof
  • Restrictions: Cannot extend or switch

Transit Visa

Passing through the UK:

  • Direct Airside Transit Visa
  • Visitor in Transit (landside)
  • 48-hour maximum stay
  • Onward travel booked
  • Destination visa if required
  • Nationality-specific requirements

Financial Requirements

Demonstrating visitor funds:

  • Bank statements (6 months)
  • Salary slips and employment
  • Sponsorship declarations
  • Business bank accounts
  • Property valuations
  • Investment portfolios

Supporting Documents

Essential application evidence:

  • Valid passport/travel document
  • Previous travel history
  • Employment confirmation
  • Property ownership
  • Family circumstances
  • Return travel bookings

Common Activities Permitted

Allowed visitor activities:

  • Tourism and sightseeing
  • Visit family and friends
  • Business meetings/conferences
  • Academic conferences
  • Short recreational courses
  • Medical consultations

Prohibited Activities

Not permitted on visitor visa:

  • Paid or unpaid work
  • Long-term study
  • Marriage/civil partnership (except Marriage Visitor)
  • Public recourse/benefits
  • Living in UK long-term
  • Bringing dependents

Processing Times and Fees

Current service standards:

  • Standard: 3 weeks (15 working days)
  • Priority: 5 working days (£250 extra)
  • Super Priority: 1 working day (£956 extra)
  • 6-month visa: £100
  • 2-year visa: £376
  • 5-year visa: £670
  • 10-year visa: £837

Common Refusal Reasons

Applications fail due to:

  • Insufficient funds shown
  • Weak ties to home country
  • Previous overstaying
  • Immigration history issues
  • Inconsistent information
  • Inadequate travel purpose
Business & Investment Visas
Secure your UK business immigration needs from skilled worker sponsorship to investor routes. Our corporate immigration team delivers compliant solutions for employers and high-value individuals seeking to establish or expand their UK presence.

Business & Investment Visas

The UK offers diverse business immigration routes for skilled workers, entrepreneurs, investors, and corporate transfers. These visa categories support economic growth while ensuring businesses can access global talent and investors can contribute to the UK economy through various approved pathways.

Skilled Worker Visa

Main employment route for professionals:
  • Job Offer Required: From licensed sponsor
  • Skill Level: RQF Level 3+ (A-level equivalent)
  • Salary Threshold: £26,200 or going rate
  • English Language: B1 level required
  • Sponsorship: Certificate of Sponsorship
  • Settlement Route: 5 years to ILR

Global Business Mobility Routes

Corporate transfer categories:
  • Senior/Specialist Worker: Intra-company transfers
  • UK Expansion Worker: Establishing UK branch
  • Graduate Trainee: Structured training programs
  • Service Supplier: Contractual service provision
  • Secondment Worker: High-value contracts
  • No Settlement: Temporary routes only

Scale-up Worker Visa

High-growth business employees:
  • Scale-up sponsor endorsement
  • Fast-growing company criteria
  • 6 months sponsored employment
  • Unsponsored work afterwards
  • Higher salary threshold: £34,600
  • Settlement available after 5 years

Health & Care Worker

NHS and care sector route:
  • Healthcare Roles: Doctors, nurses, paramedics
  • Care Workers: Adult social care
  • Lower Fees: 50% reduction
  • IHS Exempt: No health surcharge
  • Fast Processing: Priority available
  • Family Members: Dependents allowed

Minister of Religion

Religious workers route:
  • Religious organization sponsor
  • Preaching, pastoral work
  • Religious order members
  • Maintenance requirement
  • English language skills
  • Settlement after 5 years

International Sportsperson

Elite athletes and coaches:
  • Elite Level: International recognition
  • Governing Body: Endorsement required
  • Coaches: Highest level qualified
  • Contribution: UK sport development
  • Sponsor Required: Club or organization
  • Settlement Route: Available after 5 years

Representative of Overseas Business

Senior business representatives:
  • Sole UK representative
  • Senior employee status
  • Establish UK branch/subsidiary
  • No majority ownership
  • Full-time UK role
  • Settlement after 5 years

Temporary Worker Routes

Short-term work categories:
  • Creative Worker: Arts and entertainment
  • Charity Worker: Voluntary sector
  • Religious Worker: Non-minister roles
  • Seasonal Worker: Agriculture
  • International Agreement: Treaties/agreements
  • Government Exchange: Approved schemes

Salary Requirements

Meeting financial thresholds:
  • General threshold: £26,200
  • Experienced worker: £10.75/hour
  • New entrant: 70% of going rate
  • Shortage occupation: 80% rate
  • PhD relevant: £23,800
  • STEM PhD: £20,960

Points-Based Assessment

Mandatory and tradeable points:
  • Job offer: 20 points (mandatory)
  • Appropriate skill: 20 points (mandatory)
  • English language: 10 points (mandatory)
  • Salary £20,960-£26,200: 10-20 points
  • Shortage occupation: 20 points
  • PhD qualification: 10-20 points

Processing Times and Fees

Current service standards:
  • Standard: 3 weeks outside UK
  • Priority: 5 working days
  • Skilled Worker: £625-£1,423
  • Global Mobility: £259-£1,423
  • IHS charge: £624/year (most routes)
  • Premium same-day: Available

Common Refusal Reasons

Applications fail due to:
  • Salary below threshold
  • Job not genuine vacancy
  • Sponsor licence issues
  • English language failures
  • Maintenance funds insufficient
  • Criminal record problems
Student & Graduate Routes
Navigate the UK's student immigration system from initial application through to post-study work rights. Our education visa specialists ensure seamless transitions for international students pursuing British qualifications.

Student & Graduate Routes

The UK’s student visa system offers pathways for international students at all educational levels, from primary school through to doctoral research. These routes include provisions for dependents and post-study work opportunities, making the UK an attractive destination for global talent.

Student Visa (formerly Tier 4)

Main study route for international students:

  • Course Levels: Degree, foundation, A-levels, English language
  • Age Requirements: 16+ for general route
  • CAS Required: Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies
  • Financial Proof: £1,334/month (London), £1,023/month (outside)
  • English Language: CEFR B2 level for degree courses
  • Work Rights: 20 hours/week term-time, full-time holidays

Child Student Visa

For younger international students:

  • Ages 4-17 for UK education
  • Independent schools only
  • Boarding school provision
  • Guardian arrangements required
  • Parental consent documentation
  • Age-appropriate care plans

Graduate Route Visa

Post-study work opportunities:

  • Duration: 2 years (3 years for PhD)
  • Eligibility: Completed UK degree on Student visa
  • Application Timing: Before student visa expires
  • Work Rights: Any job, any level, self-employment allowed
  • No Sponsor Required: Full flexibility
  • Switch Options: Can change to work visas

Student Dependents

Family members of students:

  • Postgraduate students (9+ months)
  • Government-sponsored students
  • Doctorate Extension Scheme eligible
  • Spouse/partner and children
  • Financial requirements increase
  • Full work rights for adult dependents

Financial Requirements

Maintenance funds needed:

  • London: £1,334 per month (up to 9 months)
  • Outside London: £1,023 per month
  • Additional £680/month per dependent (London)
  • Additional £560/month per dependent (outside)
  • Funds held for 28 consecutive days
  • Official financial sponsorship accepted

English Language Requirements

Proving English proficiency:

  • IELTS Academic: 6.0-7.0 depending on course
  • TOEFL iBT accepted
  • Pearson PTE Academic
  • Cambridge English qualifications
  • Majority English-speaking country nationals exempt
  • Previous UK degree holders exempt

Sponsoring Institutions

Educational provider requirements:

  • Must hold Student sponsor licence
  • Track record of compliance
  • Offer letter becomes CAS
  • Course must meet SCQF level
  • Reporting duties to Home Office
  • Academic progression requirements

Work Restrictions

Employment limitations for students:

  • 20 hours/week during term
  • Full-time during holidays
  • No self-employment (except Graduate Route)
  • No professional sports
  • No permanent positions
  • Work placements if course-related

Academic Requirements

Educational prerequisites:

  • Academic qualifications assessed
  • UK ENIC comparability
  • Genuine Student requirement
  • Credibility interviews common
  • Academic progression rules
  • Previous UK study considered

Application Process

Key steps for student visas:

  • Receive unconditional offer
  • Pay deposit to institution
  • Receive CAS from sponsor
  • Complete online application
  • Book biometric appointment
  • Submit supporting documents

Processing Times and Fees

Current service standards:

  • Standard: 3 weeks
  • Priority: 5 working days (£250)
  • Student visa fee: £348
  • Immigration Health Surcharge: £470/year
  • Dependent fees: £348 each
  • Graduate Route: £700

Common Refusal Reasons

Applications fail due to:

  • Insufficient maintenance funds
  • English language failures
  • Credibility concerns
  • Academic progression issues
  • Invalid CAS information
  • Missing documentation
Human Rights & Protection
Protect your right to remain in the UK through human rights applications, asylum claims, and humanitarian protection. Our specialist team advocates for vulnerable individuals facing removal or seeking sanctuary.

Human Rights & Protection

Human rights applications provide crucial protection for individuals who have established private or family life in the UK, while asylum and humanitarian protection offer sanctuary to those fleeing persecution. These complex applications require expert legal representation to navigate the stringent requirements and present compelling cases.

Article 8 Applications

Right to private and family life:

  • Family Life Claims: Partners and children in the UK
  • Private Life Claims: Long residence, integration
  • 7-Year Rule: Children continuously resident
  • 20-Year Rule: Adults’ long residence
  • Medical Cases: Treatment unavailable abroad
  • Exceptional Circumstances: Compelling compassionate factors

Parent of British Child

Parental rights applications:

  • British citizen child requirement
  • Genuine and subsisting relationship
  • Active parental role evidence
  • Child’s best interests paramount
  • Financial support provisions
  • Contact arrangements documented

Long Residence Applications

Settlement through continuous residence:

  • 10-Year Lawful Residence: Legal stay route
  • 20-Year Residence: Any status combination
  • Half-Life Rule: Children under 18
  • Continuous Residence: Maximum 180 days absence
  • Character Requirements: Good conduct essential
  • English Language: B1 level required

Asylum Claims

Protection from persecution:

  • Well-founded fear requirement
  • Convention reasons (race, religion, etc.)
  • Government persecution or inability to protect
  • Internal relocation considerations
  • Country evidence crucial
  • Credibility assessments

Humanitarian Protection

Subsidiary protection status:

  • Serious harm risk
  • Death penalty concerns
  • Torture or degrading treatment
  • Armed conflict situations
  • Individual threat required
  • 5-year leave granted

Statelessness Applications

For those without nationality:

  • Not recognized by any state
  • Unable to return anywhere
  • Documentary evidence challenges
  • UNHCR involvement possible
  • Complex legal arguments
  • 2.5-year leave if granted

Fresh Claims

Reopening refused cases:

  • New evidence requirement
  • Material change circumstances
  • Different outcome prospects
  • Country condition changes
  • Medical evidence updates
  • Previously unavailable documentation

Deportation Defense

Challenging removal actions:

  • Automatic deportation (12+ months sentence)
  • Conducive to public good
  • EU citizens’ enhanced rights
  • Family life considerations
  • Rehabilitation evidence
  • Re-offending risk assessments

Supporting Evidence

Documentation requirements:

  • Witness statements
  • Country expert reports
  • Medical documentation
  • Psychological assessments
  • Police reports/FIRs
  • Media coverage evidence

Appeal Rights

Challenging negative decisions:

  • First-tier Tribunal appeals
  • Upper Tribunal applications
  • Court of Appeal possibilities
  • Judicial review options
  • Fresh claim submissions
  • Out-of-country appeals

Processing Times and Fees

Current service standards:

  • Asylum claims: 6 months target
  • Human rights: 6-12 months
  • Appeals: 12-16 weeks
  • Application fee: £1,523
  • Appeal fee: £80-140
  • Legal aid potentially available

Common Refusal Reasons

Applications fail due to:

  • Credibility concerns
  • Insufficient evidence
  • Internal relocation available
  • Safe third country issues
  • Delay in claiming asylum
  • Criminal convictions
European & Special Routes
Navigate post-Brexit European immigration routes and special visa categories including ancestry claims and high-value investments. Our specialists ensure successful applications for these unique pathways to UK residence.

European & Special Routes

Following Brexit, European nationals face new immigration requirements while retaining certain rights under the Withdrawal Agreement. Special routes provide alternative pathways for those with historical connections, exceptional talent, or significant investment capacity to establish residence in the UK.

EU Settlement Scheme

Rights for EU citizens in the UK:

  • Deadline Passed: Now requires reasonable grounds
  • Pre-settled Status: Less than 5 years residence
  • Settled Status: 5+ years continuous residence
  • Family Members: Join pre-2021 residents
  • Digital Status: No physical documents
  • Late Applications: Exceptional circumstances

Frontier Workers

Cross-border employment rights:

  • EU/EEA/Swiss nationals only
  • Worked in UK while living elsewhere
  • Commenced before 31 December 2020
  • Retain worker status
  • 2 or 5-year permits
  • Family member provisions

UK Ancestry Visa

Commonwealth heritage route:

  • Grandparent Born in UK: Including ROI pre-1922
  • Commonwealth Citizen: Current nationality
  • Age 17+: No upper limit
  • Work Intention: Employment plans required
  • 5-Year Route: Leads to settlement
  • Family Members: Can accompany

British National (Overseas)

Hong Kong BN(O) route:

  • BN(O) status holders
  • Hong Kong residents
  • 5-year pathway to settlement
  • English language not required initially
  • Self-sufficient requirement
  • Adult children included

Global Talent Visa

Exceptional ability route:

  • Endorsed Route: Arts, sciences, tech leaders
  • Prestigious Prizes: Nobel, Oscar winners
  • 3 or 5 Years: Fast-track settlement
  • No Sponsor Required: Self-directed
  • Flexible Work: Employment or self-employment
  • Academic Fellowships: Research positions

Innovator Founder Visa

Business establishment route:

  • Innovative business idea
  • Endorsing body approval
  • £50,000 investment typically
  • Business plan requirements
  • 3-year settlement route
  • Job creation targets

Right of Abode

Automatic right to live in UK:

  • British citizens automatically
  • Some Commonwealth citizens
  • Complex nationality rules
  • Historical legislation applies
  • Certificate of Entitlement
  • No immigration control

Turkish Businessperson/Worker

Ankara Agreement routes:

  • Turkish nationals only
  • Business establishment
  • Employment with sponsor
  • Pre-1973 rights retained
  • Family reunion possible
  • Settlement after 5 years

Returning Residents

Former UK residents:

  • Previously had ILR
  • Absent less than 2 years
  • Exceptional circumstances (2+ years)
  • Strong UK connections
  • Intention to resettle
  • Character requirements

Special Immigration Status

Unique circumstances:

  • Windrush Scheme
  • Afghan/Ukraine schemes
  • Diplomatic immunity
  • Military personnel routes
  • International agreements
  • Historical injustice cases

Processing Times and Fees

Current service standards:

  • EUSS: 5 working days to 6 months
  • Ancestry: 3 weeks standard
  • Global Talent: 3 weeks post-endorsement
  • BN(O): 12 weeks
  • Fees: £0-£1,523 depending on route
  • Priority services available

Common Refusal Reasons

Applications fail due to:

  • Missed deadlines (EUSS)
  • Insufficient ancestry evidence
  • Failed endorsement criteria
  • Character/criminal issues
  • Maintenance concerns
  • Documentation gaps
Extensions & Switching
Maintain your lawful UK status with timely visa extensions or switch to new immigration categories. Our extension specialists ensure continuous residence while navigating complex timing requirements and eligibility criteria.

Extensions & Switching

Visa extensions and switching applications are critical for maintaining lawful status in the UK. Whether extending your current visa or transitioning to a new immigration category, these applications require careful timing, comprehensive documentation, and thorough understanding of eligibility requirements to avoid gaps in lawful residence.

Extension Timing Requirements

Critical deadlines for applications:
  • Apply Before Expiry: Submit before current visa ends
  • 28-Day Window: Most routes allow early application
  • 3C Leave: Automatic extension while pending
  • Overstaying: Can invalidate future applications
  • Administrative Delays: Not accepted excuse
  • Premium Timing: Same-day appointments available

Skilled Worker Extensions

Continuing employment-based stay:
  • Same employer continuation
  • New Certificate of Sponsorship
  • Updated salary requirements
  • Change of job title allowed
  • Supplementary employment permitted
  • 5-year route to settlement

Family Visa Extensions

Partner and parent routes:
  • Spouse/Partner: 30-month extensions
  • Financial Requirement: Must meet again
  • English Progression: A2 level required
  • Cohabitation Evidence: 2.5 years proof
  • Parent Route: Income increases
  • Probationary Period: 5 years total

Student Visa Extensions

Academic progression requirements:
  • New CAS from institution
  • Academic progression shown
  • Previous study completed
  • Time limits apply
  • Maintenance funds required
  • Cannot exceed study caps

Visitor Visa Extensions

Exceptional circumstances only:
  • Medical Emergency: Treatment ongoing
  • Travel Restrictions: COVID/conflicts
  • Maximum 6 Months: Total stay limit
  • Compelling Reasons: High threshold
  • No Switching: Cannot change status
  • Evidence Required: Medical letters/flight bans

Switching Categories

Changing visa types in-UK:
  • Student to Work: Graduate route/skilled worker
  • Visitor Restrictions: Cannot switch from visit
  • Family to Work: Permitted transitions
  • Tier 4 to Marriage: Allowed switch
  • Cooling Period: Some routes restricted
  • Immigration History: May affect eligibility

Financial Requirements

Extension funding evidence:
  • Updated bank statements
  • Continuous employment proof
  • Increased thresholds possible
  • Sponsor maintenance letters
  • Child maintenance increases
  • Currency fluctuations considered

English Language

Progressive requirements:
  • Initial Visa: A1 speaking/listening
  • Extension: A2 level required
  • Settlement: B1 standard
  • Test Validity: 2 years typically
  • Exemptions: Degree-level education
  • Age Waivers: Over 65s

Documents for Extensions

Standard requirements across routes:
  • Current passport/BRP
  • Previous immigration documents
  • Financial evidence
  • Accommodation proof
  • Employer letters
  • Relationship evidence

Premium Services

Expedited processing options:
  • Super Priority: Same-day decision
  • Priority: 5 working days
  • Standard: 8 weeks current
  • Settlement: 6 months standard
  • Complex Cases: May face delays
  • Appointment Booking: Limited availability

Common Extension Mistakes

Avoiding application errors:
  • Late application submission
  • Incorrect form selection
  • Missing documents
  • Wrong fee payment
  • Travel during process
  • Employer notification failures

Extension Fees

Current pricing structure:
  • Skilled Worker: £704-£1,408
  • Family visas: £1,033-£2,389
  • Student visa: £490
  • IHS surcharge: £624/year
  • Priority services extra
  • Dependent fees additional
Refusals & Appeals
Challenge adverse immigration decisions with expert legal representation. From administrative reviews to judicial proceedings, our appeals specialists navigate complex procedures to overturn refusals and secure your UK immigration rights.

Refusals & Appeals

Immigration refusals can be devastating, but many decisions can be successfully challenged through various legal remedies. Understanding refusal reasons, available appeal rights, and alternative options is crucial for overturning negative decisions and achieving your immigration goals through proper legal channels.

Common Refusal Reasons

Understanding why applications fail:

  • Genuine Relationship: Insufficient evidence provided
  • Financial Requirements: Income threshold not met
  • English Language: Test failures or invalid certificates
  • General Grounds: Character, conduct, associations
  • Documentation: Missing or inadequate evidence
  • Credibility Issues: Inconsistent information

Administrative Review

Challenging case worker errors:

  • Points-based system applications
  • Case worker mistakes only
  • No new evidence permitted
  • 14 days to apply (in-UK)
  • 28 days (outside UK)
  • £80 fee if unsuccessful

Immigration Appeals

First-tier Tribunal rights:

  • Human Rights Claims: Article 8, Article 3
  • Protection Claims: Asylum, humanitarian
  • EEA Applications: Under old regulations
  • Revocation Appeals: Status cancellation
  • Deportation Orders: Foreign criminals
  • National Security: SIAC appeals

Appeal Process

Tribunal procedure stages:

  • Notice of Appeal filing
  • Home Office review stage
  • Directions from Tribunal
  • Bundle preparation
  • Witness statements
  • Hearing attendance

Upper Tribunal Appeals

Challenging First-tier decisions:

  • Error of Law: Legal mistakes identified
  • Permission Required: First-tier or Upper
  • Time Limits: 14 days typically
  • Fresh Evidence: Exceptional circumstances
  • Country Guidance: Precedent cases
  • Remittal Options: Back to First-tier

Judicial Review

High Court challenges:

  • Unlawful decision-making
  • Procedural impropriety
  • Irrational decisions
  • Human rights breaches
  • Policy misapplication
  • 3-month time limit

Fresh Applications

Reapplying after refusal:

  • Address Refusal Reasons: Point-by-point response
  • New Evidence: Strengthen weak areas
  • Changed Circumstances: Material differences
  • Legal Developments: New case law
  • No Cooling Period: Most routes
  • Previous History: Must declare

Pre-Action Protocol

Before judicial review:

  • Letter before claim
  • 14-day response time
  • ADR consideration
  • Narrow issues
  • Costs implications
  • Settlement possible

Emergency Remedies

Urgent legal action:

  • Injunctions: Prevent removal
  • Urgent JR: Imminent deportation
  • Out-of-Hours: Court applications
  • Interim Relief: Status preservation
  • Bail Applications: Detention cases
  • Stay on Removal: Temporary protection

Success Strategies

Maximizing appeal prospects:

  • Expert legal representation
  • Comprehensive evidence bundles
  • Credible witness testimony
  • Country expert reports
  • Medical evidence
  • Strong legal arguments

Time Limits

Critical deadline compliance:

  • Administrative Review: 14/28 days
  • First-tier Appeal: Usually 14 days
  • Upper Tribunal: 14 days
  • Judicial Review: 3 months
  • Fresh Claims: No specific limit
  • Out-of-Country: 28 days typically

Costs and Fees

Financial considerations:

  • Administrative Review: £80
  • First-tier Appeal: £140
  • Paper hearing: £80
  • Judicial Review: £770+
  • Legal aid possible
  • Cost orders risk
Sponsor Compliance
Ensure your organization meets UK sponsorship obligations with expert compliance guidance. From licence applications to ongoing duties, we help employers and educational institutions maintain their sponsor status while avoiding costly penalties.

Sponsor Compliance

UK sponsor licence holders face extensive compliance obligations to maintain their ability to hire international talent. Whether applying for a new licence or managing existing duties, sponsors must navigate complex requirements, reporting obligations, and potential compliance visits to protect their valuable sponsorship privileges.

Sponsor Licence Applications

Securing sponsorship rights:

  • Business Eligibility: Genuine trading requirement
  • A-Rating Goal: Highest compliance standard
  • Key Personnel: Authorising Officer, Level 1 User
  • HR Systems: Robust processes required
  • Supporting Evidence: Business documentation
  • Processing Time: 8-12 weeks standard

Sponsor Licence Types

Different sponsorship categories:

  • Skilled Worker licence
  • Global Business Mobility
  • Temporary Worker routes
  • Student sponsor licence
  • Scale-up endorsement
  • Minister of Religion

Core Sponsor Duties

Mandatory compliance obligations:

  • Record Keeping: Employee contact details
  • Monitoring: Attendance and engagement
  • Reporting: Changes within 10 days
  • Immigration Checks: Prevent illegal working
  • CoS Management: Accurate assignment
  • Compliance Visits: Cooperation required

Reporting Requirements

Mandatory notifications to UKVI:

  • Sponsored worker doesn’t start
  • Unauthorised absence (10+ days)
  • Employment termination
  • Significant changes in role
  • Contact detail updates
  • Business structure changes

Right to Work Checks

Preventing illegal employment:

  • Before Employment: Mandatory checks
  • Document Lists: Prescribed requirements
  • Online Checks: Digital status verification
  • Follow-up Dates: Time-limited permissions
  • Record Retention: 2 years post-employment
  • Statutory Excuse: Proper checks protect

SMS Management

Sponsorship Management System:

  • Certificate of Sponsorship
  • User access controls
  • Licence renewal
  • CoS allocation requests
  • Sponsored worker records
  • Reporting functions

Compliance Visits

UKVI audit procedures:

  • Announced/Unannounced: Both possible
  • Document Review: Personnel files checked
  • System Inspection: HR processes audited
  • Staff Interviews: Compliance knowledge tested
  • Site Verification: Business premises confirmed
  • Action Plans: Post-visit requirements

CoS Assignment

Certificate requirements:

  • Genuine vacancy confirmation
  • Job description accuracy
  • Salary compliance
  • Skill level verification
  • Start date certainty
  • ATAS clearance (if required)

Licence Suspension Risks

Common compliance failures:

  • Late Reporting: Missing deadlines
  • Poor Records: Inadequate documentation
  • System Failures: HR process gaps
  • Non-Compliance: Immigration breaches
  • Failed Visits: Audit shortcomings
  • Abuse: Visa system misuse

Licence Renewal

Maintaining sponsor status:

  • 4-year validity period
  • Renewal before expiry
  • Compliance history reviewed
  • Updated documentation
  • Continued trading proof
  • Key personnel updates

Sponsor Ratings

Performance classifications:

  • A-Rating: Full compliance achieved
  • B-Rating: Provisional status
  • Action Plans: Improvement required
  • Downgrading: Serious breaches
  • Recovery: Upgrading possible
  • Benefits: A-rating advantages

Costs and Fees

Financial obligations:

  • Licence application: £536-£1,476
  • CoS assignment: £199 each
  • Immigration Skills Charge: £364-£1,000/year
  • Priority service: £500
  • Licence renewal: £536-£1,476
  • Compliance visit preparation: Variable
Illegal Working & Penalties
Protect your business from illegal working penalties with comprehensive compliance systems. Our employment law specialists help organizations avoid civil penalties, implement robust checking procedures, and defend against enforcement actions.

Illegal Working & Penalties

Illegal working prevention is crucial for UK employers facing substantial civil penalties and potential criminal prosecution. Understanding right to work requirements, implementing compliant checking systems, and responding appropriately to enforcement action protects businesses from financial penalties while ensuring lawful employment practices.

Civil Penalty Scheme

Financial consequences for employers:
  • First Breach: Up to £20,000 per worker
  • Repeat Breaches: £20,000 per worker
  • Statutory Excuse: Proper checks provide defence
  • Strict Liability: No knowledge required
  • Payment Terms: 28 days to pay/appeal
  • Mitigation Possible: Cooperation reduces fines

Criminal Sanctions

Serious illegal working offences:
  • Knowingly employing illegal workers
  • Maximum 5 years imprisonment
  • Unlimited fines possible
  • Director disqualification
  • Proceeds of crime action
  • Licence implications

Right to Work Requirements

Mandatory employment checks:
  • Before Employment: Check all workers
  • British Citizens: Not exempt from checks
  • Document Lists: Acceptable evidence prescribed
  • In-Person Checks: Original documents
  • Online Verification: Share codes accepted
  • Copies Required: Clear, dated records

Document Checking Process

Compliant verification steps:
  • Obtain original documents
  • Check presence with holder
  • Verify document validity
  • Check work restrictions
  • Make/record clear copies
  • Date verification conducted

Acceptable Documents

Valid right to work evidence:
  • List A: Permanent right to work
  • UK Passport: Current or expired
  • EU Settled Status: Online check
  • List B: Time-limited permission
  • Biometric Cards: Check expiry dates
  • Immigration Stamps: Work permitted

Follow-up Checks

Ongoing compliance obligations:
  • Time-limited permissions
  • Visa expiry monitoring
  • 12-month maximum intervals
  • Calendar reminders essential
  • Status changes tracked
  • Updated records maintained

Student Employment

Education sector restrictions:
  • Term-Time Limits: 20 hours maximum
  • Holiday Working: Full-time permitted
  • Course Completion: Status changes
  • Academic Verification: Term dates confirmed
  • Work Types: Some prohibited
  • Record Keeping: Hours monitoring

Immigration Enforcement

Business compliance visits:
  • Unannounced inspections
  • Document examination
  • Worker interviews
  • Arrest powers
  • Business records seized
  • Referral notices issued

Penalty Objections

Challenging civil penalties:
  • 28-Day Deadline: Submit objection
  • Statutory Excuse: Demonstrate compliance
  • Technical Defences: Procedural errors
  • Mitigation Factors: Reduce penalty
  • Supporting Evidence: Audit trails
  • Legal Representation: Recommended

Compliance Systems

Best practice procedures:
  • Written RTW policy
  • Staff training programs
  • Centralized recording
  • Regular audits
  • Escalation procedures
  • Management oversight

High-Risk Sectors

Enhanced vigilance required:
  • Hospitality: Restaurants, hotels
  • Construction: Subcontractor chains
  • Agriculture: Seasonal workers
  • Care Sector: Agency staff
  • Retail: Temporary workers
  • Cleaning: Contract services

Prevention Strategies

Avoiding penalties:
  • Robust checking procedures
  • Clear recruitment policies
  • Regular compliance training
  • Internal audit programs
  • Professional advice
  • System documentation
We’re here to help.
Book your consultation with Connaught Law today.
Get in Touch
Connaught Law
  • Deportation
  • UK Visa Administrative Review
  • UK Visa Refusal
  • Sponsor Licence Revocation
  • Student Visa
  • UK Visit Visa
  • Immigration Appeals
  • Settlement and Citizenship
  • Human Right Applications
  • European Nationals
  • Family Visas
  • UK Visa Judicial Review
  • Business Immigration
Reviews & Ratings
Connaught Law
Social Rating
Based on 835 reviews
Google Rating
Based on 707 reviews
Facebook Rating
Based on 128 reviews
Trustpilot
Our Sponsored
UK Visa Blog logo with yellow and white branding on a gray background
UK Visa Blog – Trusted UK visa news and expert guidance
Share This
Latest Updates and Insights
UK pension sharing concept with pound coin and note under pen

Pension Sharing Orders in the UK: What Divorcing Couples Should Know

Read More »
Interest-Only Mortgages on the Rise: Legal Considerations for Homeowners

Interest-Only Mortgages on the Rise: Legal Considerations for Homeowners

Read More »
Get in Touch
  • 4th Floor, Totara Park House, 34–36 Gray’s Inn Road, London WC1X 8HR
  • +44 (0) 203 909 8399
  • +44 7853 752762
  • [email protected]
Facebook Twitter Linkedin Instagram
law-society-logo
Lexcel Accreditation Badge
legal_fivehundred
CQ_logo
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Refund Policy
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
  • Fees
  • Complaints
  • Legal Notice
  • Terms & Conditions
  • Refund Policy
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
  • Fees
  • Complaints
  • Legal Notice

© 2025 Connaughts Law. All Rights Reserved.
Connaughts is the trading name of Connaught Law Limited, a company registered in England and Wales (Company No. 10595036). This firm is regulated by the Solicitors Regulation Authority.

Contact Us